Patent US10218175 Energy Financial Settlements

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Patent US10218175

Issued 2019-02-26

Dynamic And Integrated Control Of Total Power System Using Distributed Impedance Injection Modules And Actuator Devices Within And At The Edge Of The Power Grid

A system architecture and method for enabling hierarchical intelligent control with appropriate-speed communication and coordination of control using intelligent distributed impedance/voltage injection modules, local intelligence centers, other actuator devices and miscellaneous FACTS coupled actuator devices is disclosed. Information transfer to a supervisory utility control is enabled for responding to integral power system disturbances, system modelling and optimization. By extending the control and communication capability to the edge of the HV power grid, control of the distribution network through FACTS based Demand response units is also enabled. Hence an integrated and hierarchical total power system control is established with distributed impedance/voltage injection modules, local intelligence centers, connected other actuator devices, miscellaneous FACTS coupled devices and utility supervisory all networked at appropriate speeds allowing optimization of the total power system from generation to distribution.

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3 Independent Claims

1. A high voltage power grid comprising: transmission lines to transport power at high voltage from power generators to sub-stations or other distributed loads; a plurality of impedance injection modules, each coupled to and collectively distributed along the transmission lines and each having a transmission line current measuring capability and a high-speed communication capability; a plurality of local intelligence centers, each having a high-speed communication capability, each impedance injection module being in communication with at least one local intelligence center; a utility supervisory having a communication capability with the power generation, substations and the local intelligence centers; whereby a hierarchical control capability is established wherein the distributed impedance injection modules will themselves respond locally to tend to reduce local disturbances, one or more local intelligence centers will coordinate a response of a plurality of distributed impedance injection modules and respective distributed impedance injection modules as needed to respond to larger disturbances, and the utility supervisory will balance and control the power grid through control of the substations, local intelligence centers and power generation.
11. A control apparatus having a capability for hierarchical control of a total power system, the control apparatus comprising: a plurality of high-speed communication enabled distributed impedance injection modules distributed over a plurality of transmission lines of a high voltage power grid; the high-speed communication enabled distributed impedance injection modules enabled to sense an unwanted change in a high voltage transmission line current on the high voltage power line of the high voltage power grid on which it is distributed and inject an impedance to compensate for the unwanted change; other actuator devices, that are electronic FACTS control devices, connected to the high voltage transmission grid and enabled with high-speed communication capability enabled for monitoring and control of the high voltage grid; miscellaneous FACTS coupled actuator devices, that are a group of systems and sub-systems, coupled to an inside, at or outside an edge of the high voltage transmission grid, through FACTS based control capability; a plurality of local intelligence centers, each of the local intelligence centers having a high-speed communication capability, that is enabled to provide local supervisory coordination to high-speed communication enabled distributed impedance injector modules, other actuator devices and miscellaneous FACTS coupled actuator devices in a local region communicably linked to each of the local intelligence centers at high-speed; each of the local intelligence centers further linked with the neighboring local intelligence centers through the high-speed communication capability to provide an integrated control capability across the neighboring local areas; at least a utility supervisory in communication with traditional large conventional power generation systems, the substations and communicably linked to the plurality of local intelligence centers; wherein an implemented communication capabilities and control capabilities providing a hierarchical control ability to the total power system from generation to distribution.
16. A method of controlling a high voltage power grid having transmission lines to transport power at high voltage from power generators to sub-stations or other distributed loads comprising: coupling a plurality of impedance injection modules to and distributed along the transmission lines, each impedance injection module for injecting impedance/voltages into the respective transmission line, each impedance injection module having a transmission line current measuring capability and a high-speed communication capability; providing a plurality of local intelligence centers, each having a high-speed communication capability, each local intelligence center being in high speed communication with a plurality of distributed impedance injection modules; transmitting from and receiving current measurements from at least one of the respective distributed impedance injection modules at a local intelligence center indicative of an unwanted disturbance on the respective transmission line; and transmitting from the respective local intelligence center instructions to one or more distributed impedance injection modules to cause those distributed impedance injection modules to inject impedance/voltages onto the respective transmission line tending correct the disturbance.