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Patent US10210568
Issued 2019-02-19
Coordination Of Thermostatically Controlled Loads With Unknown Parameters
Apparatus and methods are disclosed for coordination of a population of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) with unknown parameters to achieve group objectives including bidding and market clearing strategies designed to motivate self-interested users to realize efficient energy allocation subject to a peak power constraint. In one examples of the disclosed technology, a method of operating a load includes estimating a set of values for unmeasured parameters of the load's thermal environment based on output measurements of the thermal environment, determining an energy response based on the estimated set of values for the unmeasured parameters, and transmitting a bid for power for a finite time period based on the determined energy response to the coordinator. A clearing price is received from the coordinator responsive to the transmitted bid and power is sent to the load responsive to the received clearing price.
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- 1. A method of operating a load coupled to a thermal environment with power received from a power grid by submitting bids to a coordinator, the method comprising:
estimating a set of values for one or more unmeasured parameters of the thermal environment based at least in part on a plurality of output measurements of the thermal environment; determining an energy response function that relates price data to quantity data for power to be consumed by the load based on the estimated set of values for the unmeasured parameters; and transmitting a bid for power for a finite time period based on the determined energy response function to the coordinator, the bid indicating one price and one corresponding quantity of power.
- 15. A method of allocating power, comprising:
receiving one respective bid for power for each of a plurality of loads coupled to a power grid, the bid for each load being generated by a controller coupled to the load based on an energy response function that relates price data to quantity data for power to be consumed by the load, the controller being configured to determine the energy response function by estimating a respective set of values for one or more unmeasured parameters of a thermal environment of each of the loads; determining a clearing price for the plurality of received bids; transmitting the clearing price to each of the loads; and sending power via the power grid to a selected one or more of the loads, the loads being selected based on the received bids and the clearing price.
- 19. A market-based control system configured to coordinate a group of thermostatically controlled loads to achieve system-level objectives with pricing incentives, the system comprising:
a market coordinator configured to generate clearing price data based on a plurality of bids specifying a quantity and a price for consuming power; a plurality of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), each of the TCLs being configured to transmit bid data to the market coordinator specifying a bid quantity and a bid price for power received via a power grid for a predetermined time period, the transmitted bid data determined based on an energy response function that relates price data to quantity data for power to be consumed by the load, the energy response function being determined based at least in part on estimating unmeasured parameters for a thermal environment to which each of the respective TCLs is coupled to supply heating or cooling to, each of the TCLs being further configured to consume or not consume power from the power grid based at least in part on the clearing price data and the TCL's respective bid data for the predetermined time period; and a computer network configured to transmit the bid data and the clearing price data between the market coordinator and each of the TCLs.
