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Application US20200358288
Published 2020-11-12
Dynamic And Integrated Control Of Total Power System Using Distributed Impedance Injection Modules And Actuator Devices Within And At The Edge Of The Power Grid
A system architecture and method for enabling hierarchical intelligent control with appropriate-speed communication and coordination of control using intelligent distributed impedance/voltage injection modules, local intelligence centers, other actuator devices and miscellaneous FACTS coupled actuator devices is disclosed. Information transfer to a supervisory utility control is enabled for responding to integral power system disturbances, system modelling and optimization. By extending the control and communication capability to the edge of the HV power grid, control of the distribution network through FACTS based Demand response units is also enabled. Hence an integrated and hierarchical total power system control is established with distributed impedance/voltage injection modules, local intelligence centers, connected other actuator devices, miscellaneous FACTS coupled devices and utility supervisory all networked at appropriate speeds allowing optimization of the total power system from generation to distribution.
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- 1. A high voltage power grid comprising:
transmission lines to transport power at high voltage from power generators to sub-stations; a plurality of impedance injection modules, each impedance injection module coupled to and collectively distributed along the transmission lines, and having a sensor to monitor the transmission line to which the impedance injection module is coupled; a plurality of local intelligence centers coupled to the impedance injection modules configured to
communicate with a supervisory utility to receive control instructions for control of the power generators, the substations and the impedance injection modules,
collectively and interactively, with the impedance injection modules, control and monitor the transmission lines, and
coordinate a response to disturbances on the transmission lines;
wherein the impedance injection modules respond locally to prevent or limit the disturbances on the transmission lines, and at least one local intelligence center is in communication with each impedance injection module.
- 12. A monitoring and control system having hierarchical control of a total power system, the system comprising:
sensors distributed over and coupled to the total power system and configured to recognize changes in power flow and disturbances on a plurality of transmission lines of the total power system; a plurality of high-speed communication enabled impedance injection modules comprising flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) devices coupled to the transmission lines of the total power system, and configured to respond to the recognized changes and disturbances on the transmission lines and to inject an impedance to compensate for the recognized changes and disturbances; flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS)-coupled actuator devices coupled to an inside of, an outside of, or at an edge of the total power system; and a plurality of local intelligence centers communicably coupled to the impedance injection modules, power generation systems, and substations, and configured to receive control instructions from a supervisory utility for control of the total power system, wherein the supervisory utility is in communication with the plurality of local intelligence centers; wherein each local intelligence center configured to provide local supervisory coordination to one or more of: at least one impedance injection module or at least one FACTS-coupled actuator device in a local region communicatively linked to the local intelligence center; wherein the local intelligence centers, FACTS-coupled actuator devices, and the impedance injection modules collectively, interactively and hierarchically control and monitor the total power system from generation to distribution.
- 16. A method of controlling a high voltage power grid having transmission lines to transport power at high voltage from power generators to sub-stations, the method comprising:
coupling a plurality of impedance injection modules to the transmission lines, the plurality of impedance injection modules being coupled to the high voltage transmission lines, each impedance injection module being configured to inject impedance or voltages into a respective transmission line; coupling one or more sensors to the transmission lines to sense and identify changes and disturbances on the transmission lines; providing a plurality of local intelligence centers, each local intelligence center being configured to communicate with at least one impedance injection module; receiving, from at least one sensor, identified changes and disturbances on the transmission line to which the at least one sensor is coupled; and transmitting, from at least one local intelligence center, in response to the identified changes and disturbances, instructions to the at least one impedance injection module communicating with the at least one local intelligence center to cause the at least one impedance injection module to inject impedance or voltages onto the respective transmission line, to which the at least one impedance injection module is coupled, to correct the identified changes and disturbances.
